Walk Through 5,000 Years of History

Explore the Ancient Capitals of China. From the imperial grandeur of Beijing to the Silk Road terminus of Xi'an, discover the cities that shaped a civilization.

The Great Capitals & Historic Hubs

China refers to its "Four Great Ancient Capitals" (Beijing, Nanjing, Luoyang, Xi'an) as the pillars of its history. Select a city below to reveal its historical profile, key attractions, and significance.

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Comparative Analysis

Different cities offer different experiences. While Beijing offers grand imperial history, Xi'an offers archaeological depth, and Suzhou offers tranquil gardens. Use these visualizations to understand the "flavor" of each destination.

Experience Profile: The "Big Four"

Comparing the vibe of the Four Great Ancient Capitals.

  • Beijing: High intensity, massive scale, very modern but crowded.
  • Xi'an: Deepest history, dry climate, rugged ancient feel.
  • Nanjing: Balanced, greener, slower pace than Beijing.
  • Luoyang: Niche history focus (Buddhism), less commercial.

Historical Weight: Years as Capital

Cumulative years served as the primary capital of China.

Note: Luoyang and Xi'an (Chang'an) served as capitals for the longest total duration across varied ancient dynasties (Zhou, Han, Tang), whereas Beijing is the capital of the later dynasties (Ming, Qing) and modern China.

Travel Logistics & Planning

Planning a trip requires understanding the seasons and costs. China is vast, and weather varies dramatically between the northern dry plains (Beijing) and the southern water towns (Suzhou).

Select City for Weather:
Data source: Historical meteorological averages (2010-2023)

Average Temperature & Rainfall

Daily Budget (USD)

Avg. for mid-range traveler (Hotel + Food + Tickets)

Traveler Tips

  • 💡 Best Season: Generally Spring (April-May) and Autumn (Sept-Oct) for all listed cities.
  • 🚄 Transport: High-speed rail connects Beijing to Xi'an in ~4.5 hours.
  • 🎟️ Booking: Book Forbidden City (Beijing) tickets 7 days in advance.